Ear Infections in Dogs: Signs and Treatments

Ear infections in dogs are not just an ordinary nuisance; they can also cause significant discomfort and health issues for your pet if left untreated. At Shallowford Animal Hospital, we are happy to answer any questions you may have about ear infections in dogs, so your pet can get the professional care they need. If you suspect your dog is suffering from an ear infection, call us at (336) 945-4412 or schedule an appointment.

What Are the Signs of Ear Infections in Dogs?

Ear infections in dogs can be uncomfortable and often painful. The symptoms can range from mild to severe, depending on the extent of the infection. Common symptoms to watch for include: 

• Frequent ear scratching or head shaking 
• Rubbing ears against furniture or the floor
• Noticeable odor coming from the ears 
• Redness and swelling inside the ear canal
• Brown, yellow, or bloody discharge
• Sensitivity to touch around the ears
• Loss of balance or coordination
• Walking in circles
• Hearing loss or reduced responsiveness to sound
• Visible scabs or crusts on the outer ear

If your dog is displaying any of these symptoms, seek veterinary care as soon as possible. Early treatment can prevent the infection from worsening and causing more serious health issues.

Potential Causes of Ear Infections in Dogs

Ear infections are often caused by bacteria or yeast that thrive in the warm, moist environment of a dog’s ear canal. However, underlying conditions can predispose a dog to these infections. Allergies, both environmental and food-related, are a leading cause, as they can lead to inflammation and excess wax production in the ears. Moisture in the ear canal, often due to swimming or bathing, can also create an ideal environment for bacteria and yeast to grow.

Other contributing factors include:

• Ear mites: These tiny parasites can cause irritation and inflammation in the ear canal, leading to secondary infections.
• Foreign objects: Grass seeds, dirt, or other debris can become lodged in the ear, causing irritation and infection.
• Hormonal imbalances: Conditions like hypothyroidism can affect the skin’s ability to fend off infections.
• Autoimmune diseases: Some dogs have immune system disorders that make them more prone to infections.

Diagnosing Ear Infections in Dogs

When you bring your dog to Shallowford Animal Hospital with signs of an ear infection, our team will conduct a thorough examination to determine the cause and severity of the infection.

The Diagnostic Process

The first step in diagnosing ear infections in dogs involves a physical examination of the ear canal using an otoscope. This allows us to look deep into the ear canal to assess the extent of the inflammation and check for any foreign objects or growths. We may also take a sample of the discharge for a cytology test, which involves examining the sample under a microscope to identify the presence of bacteria, yeast, or mites. In some cases, additional tests may be necessary:

• Allergy testing: If allergies are suspected as a contributing factor, we might recommend allergy testing to identify specific triggers.
• Blood tests: To rule out underlying health issues like hormonal imbalances or autoimmune diseases, blood tests may be performed.

Addressing Ear Infections in Dogs

Once an ear infection is diagnosed, the next step is determining the appropriate treatment. The course of treatment will depend on the underlying cause and the severity of the infection.

Medications and Topical Treatments

Your veterinarian may prescribe antibiotic or antifungal ear drops to target the specific organisms causing the infection. These drops are typically applied directly into the ear canal and may need to be administered for several days to weeks, depending on the severity of the infection. In addition to topical treatments, oral medications may be prescribed, especially if the infection is severe or has spread beyond the ear. Anti-inflammatory drugs are often used to reduce swelling and relieve pain, while oral antibiotics or antifungals can help eliminate the infection from within.

Cleaning and Care Instructions

Proper ear cleaning is helpful during treatment to remove debris and prevent the infection from worsening. Your veterinarian will provide you with specific instructions on how to clean your dog’s ears at home. Follow these instructions carefully, as improper cleaning techniques can cause further irritation or even damage to the ear canal.

Follow-Up and Monitoring

After starting treatment, follow-up visits can monitor your dog’s progress. During these visits, your veterinarian will re-examine the ear to ensure the infection is clearing up and adjust the treatment plan if necessary. Make sure to complete the full course of medication, even if your dog’s symptoms improve, to prevent a recurrence of the infection.

How to Prevent Ear Infections in Dogs

While some dogs are more prone to ear infections, there are steps you can take to reduce the risk and keep your dog’s ears healthy.

• Regular Ear Cleaning: Using a veterinarian-approved ear cleaner, you can remove excess wax and debris that could lead to an infection. However, make sure not to over-clean, as this can cause irritation and increase the risk of infection.
• Managing Allergies and Underlying Conditions: Work with your veterinarian to develop a plan for controlling your dog’s allergies, whether through diet changes, medications, or avoiding specific allergens.
• Routine Veterinary Check-Ups: Regular check-ups at Shallowford Animal Hospital are helpful for monitoring your dog’s overall health, including their ears. During these visits, we can catch early signs of infection and address any underlying conditions that might predispose your dog to ear infections.

If you notice any symptoms of an ear infection in your dog, Shallowford Animal Hospital is here to help. Call us at (336) 945-4412 or schedule an appointment to ensure your dog receives the best possible care.